Who is known as the father of modern evolution?

Charles Darwin is recognized as the father of modern evolution due to his groundbreaking work on the theory of natural selection and the mechanisms of evolution. His publication, "On the Origin of Species" in 1859, outlined the process by which species evolve over time through the survival of individuals best adapted to their environment. Darwin's observations during his voyage on the HMS Beagle, particularly in the Galápagos Islands, provided key insights into the variation and adaptation of species, forming the foundation of evolutionary biology. His ideas challenged existing views and laid the groundwork for understanding the diversity of life on Earth, making his contribution pivotal in the field of biology.