Which of the following best defines ecology?

Ecology is defined as the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environments. This definition emphasizes the relationships that living organisms have with each other and with their surroundings, which is central to understanding ecological systems. Interactions can include various forms of relationships, such as predation, competition, symbiosis, and mutualism. These interactions play crucial roles in the functioning of ecosystems and help in the understanding of biodiversity, population dynamics, and the effects of human activity on natural habitats.

The focus on interactions sets ecology apart from other biological fields. While anatomy or physiology may involve the study of structures and functions of organisms specifically, ecology is more concerned with how those organisms interact within their ecosystems. This broader perspective allows for insights into the balance of nature and the complex interdependencies that sustain life on Earth.