What is the function of RNA in relation to DNA?

RNA plays a crucial role in the process of expressing the genetic information stored in DNA. Specifically, its primary function is to translate the code from DNA into proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of cells. This process begins with transcription, where messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized from the DNA template. mRNA then carries the genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes, where translation occurs. During translation, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) work together to interpret the sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA, leading to the assembly of amino acids into proteins based on this code.

This translation process is fundamental to gene expression, making RNA indispensable for protein synthesis. Without RNA, DNA’s genetic instructions could not be utilized effectively, highlighting its critical role in ensuring that genetic information leads to functional outcomes within the cell.